sent by Yusuf İzzet Paşa, commander of the
14th Army Corps of the Ottoman Army, with
regard to the situation in Bergama in June and
July 1919, to Ottoman Army HQS in Istanbul.
yusuf izzet paşa click here for the final of a
long TNT series about his exploits in Dagistan
just 10 months earlier, in the Fall of 1918.
Yufuf İzzet Paşa fought in the Battle of Sakarya
in 1921 and passed away in Ankara in 1922.//
Bergama is north of Manisa, far left.
8) Enciphered telegram dated 24 June 1919 received from the 14th
Army Corps Command:
Addendum to cipher message number 224, dated 23 June 1919:
The English representative in Ayvalık, Capt. Hadkinson, came to
Soma late on the night of 23 June to investigate the Bergama
incidents. Based on a request from the 61st Division Command
(in Ayvalık), he engaged in discussions at the Soma government
building for a few hours.
Capt. Hadkinson was of the opinion that the Ottoman government
did not have information about the occupation of the Izmir
subdivision and the town of Ayvalık and that the (Ottoman)
commanders around Soma were similarly uninformed. This lack
of information, according to Capt. Hadkinson, was the reason for
the Bergama incidents.
Consequently, Capt. Hadkinson wanted to send an urgent
telegram to Admiral Calthorpe in Izmir on this matter. He said
that once he received a reply to this telegram he would be able
to provide the (14th) Army Corps with a written statement about
the occupation of Izmir subdivision and the town of Ayvalık.
Capt. Hadkinson planned to wait for the reply from Admiral
Calthorpe in Soma and he requested that he be taken as far as
Bergama so he could see for himself the damage and burning that
had occurred in the villages there.
9) Enciphered telegram dated 1-2 July 1919 received from the 14th
Army Corps Command:
Yesterday two French officers came to Soma in order to view the
situation in Bergama. Today our cavalry accompanied the two
French officers as far as Kınık, on the road to (Bergama and) Dikili.
They learned that the Greeks had been quite harsh in their treatment
of the Moslem populace in Kınık.
Bandırma, top-center, was the 14th Army Corps HQS.
Soma, Bergama, Kınık, Ayvalık and Dikili are in the
lower left quadrant of the map.
10) Article in 'Yeni Gazete' entitled "Anxiety and Rage in Izmir
Province":
Bergama: In our telegram dated 23 June 1919 we reported that the
Turks' eternal enemy, the Greeks, had landed a large force at Dikili
and that the unprotected population of 80,000 in beautiful Bergama
faced imminent destruction. Our reporting has unfortunately been
confirmed.
The Greek force that left from Dikili destroyed everything in its
path, burning Tikuş, Çıltık and other large villages to the ground
along with the crops, as it approached Bergama, stopping 800 meters
away.
So the famed and flourishing beauty that is Bergama is experiencing
calamitous and dangerous moments. Our pleas for help are at an end.
Our villages and villagers face death and the town of Bergama faces
destruction. Oh, twentieth century! We need help and mercy!
((signed)) Bergama Defense of Rights Ottoman Society
//END of PART THREE/FINAL//
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