pan". It is located east of Deir ez Zor and Al Mayadin
on today's Iraq-Syria border.//
After Opvara, Madam Blunt came to "Snéisele" salt deposit, which is
written on the Düyun-u Umumiye map, and in its report, as "Silslé" or
"Sillessel". This salt deposit is in a valley, 12 hours northeast of
Bevara (Logutatidis). Sinjar Mountain is the same distance away.
The coordinates are 41:45 east longitude and 35:20 north latitude
(Garinovich). The salt deposit, with pure and white salt, stretches
from north to east for 51 kilometers with a width of 3-4 kilometers.
"Snéisele" or "Silslé" resembles the name Vakiülasla on a road that
Sachau mentioned. On separate maps the location is always written
as either "Sillessilé" or "Elasla" but is never written the same way.
It is even this way on Kiepert's map, which contains the best geographic
terms and explanations. These two (salt) lakes are the same one. The
fact that they have various names stems from the Bedouins who live
in this region. It is possible that tribes like the Şimara, Anize and
Alayan who crossed the plain looking for salt used various names based
on their particular tribe's pronunciation.
Lower map is Bevara (Al Buwarah) salt pa-n. On the
larger map at top Mosul is at far right-center on the
Tigris River. An arrow points to Deir ez Zor in the
center of the map. Bevara (Al Buwarah) is almost
directly east of Deir ez Zor and its northern side is
formed by the Cebelülrruda basalt rocks.
According to available information, three-days journey from Mosul
brings one to the Aşkiya salt deposit. On the Düyun-u Umumiye map,
this salt deposit is located 7 hours away, to the southwest of Elhatıra.
It is 29 hours away from Mosul (Rigu). Logutatidis made the journey
in 32 hours but the discrepency is likely because of Logutatidis's
advanced age, which no doubt slowed him down.
Aşkiya is 26 hours away from Bevara (Logutatidis). The geography of
Bevara salt deposit has not yet been recorded in studies. But as we said
above, on the meticulously prepared map done by Gwinnet in 1892
there are nevertheless some mistakes (1). Kiepert drew a beautiful map
of Bevara salt deposit, which is quite valuable and which was taken into
the account of Düyun-u-Umumiye in 1904 - see the map included here.
Sachau mentioned. On separate maps the location is always written
as either "Sillessilé" or "Elasla" but is never written the same way.
It is even this way on Kiepert's map, which contains the best geographic
terms and explanations. These two (salt) lakes are the same one. The
fact that they have various names stems from the Bedouins who live
in this region. It is possible that tribes like the Şimara, Anize and
Alayan who crossed the plain looking for salt used various names based
on their particular tribe's pronunciation.
Lower map is Bevara (Al Buwarah) salt pa-n. On the
larger map at top Mosul is at far right-center on the
Tigris River. An arrow points to Deir ez Zor in the
center of the map. Bevara (Al Buwarah) is almost
directly east of Deir ez Zor and its northern side is
formed by the Cebelülrruda basalt rocks.
According to available information, three-days journey from Mosul
brings one to the Aşkiya salt deposit. On the Düyun-u Umumiye map,
this salt deposit is located 7 hours away, to the southwest of Elhatıra.
It is 29 hours away from Mosul (Rigu). Logutatidis made the journey
in 32 hours but the discrepency is likely because of Logutatidis's
advanced age, which no doubt slowed him down.
Aşkiya is 26 hours away from Bevara (Logutatidis). The geography of
Bevara salt deposit has not yet been recorded in studies. But as we said
above, on the meticulously prepared map done by Gwinnet in 1892
there are nevertheless some mistakes (1). Kiepert drew a beautiful map
of Bevara salt deposit, which is quite valuable and which was taken into
the account of Düyun-u-Umumiye in 1904 - see the map included here.
(1) Bd. II. p. 285 u. 802 f.
Mapmaker extraordinaire Heinrich Kiepert.
Bevara is located at 41:08 east longitude and 35:13 north latitude
(Garinovich). The salt deposit is 12 kilometer in length from west
to east and two kilometers wide. A horseman could traverse the deposit
in 4 hours. The salt is ash-colored. Bevara is 20 hours from Deir ez
Zor (Rigu); 14 hours from the villages of Besire and Meyadin (Rigu);
26 hours from Aşkiya (Logutatidis); 12 hours from Sillessilé, also
known as Aynülasla (Logutatidis); 28 hours from "Ravaana" on the
Euphrates River (Rigu); and 9 hours distant from the Seb'a salt deposit
(Logutatidis).
Mapmaker extraordinaire Heinrich Kiepert.
Bevara is located at 41:08 east longitude and 35:13 north latitude
(Garinovich). The salt deposit is 12 kilometer in length from west
to east and two kilometers wide. A horseman could traverse the deposit
in 4 hours. The salt is ash-colored. Bevara is 20 hours from Deir ez
Zor (Rigu); 14 hours from the villages of Besire and Meyadin (Rigu);
26 hours from Aşkiya (Logutatidis); 12 hours from Sillessilé, also
known as Aynülasla (Logutatidis); 28 hours from "Ravaana" on the
Euphrates River (Rigu); and 9 hours distant from the Seb'a salt deposit
(Logutatidis).
Someone walking slowly from the villages of Meyadin and Besire over
sand dunes would reach the Bevara salt deposit, which is bounded on
its north by steep black rocks. There are wells there, also. The
mountain called Cebelülrruda was discovered by Sachau and the rocks
have been identified as basalt by Blanchenhorn and Berg (1).
In 1905 an Assyrian artifact called a "sitil" (pail or bucket) made
from basalt was found at the Seb'a salt deposit. The stone for the sitil
was brought from Cebelülrruda.
It is surprising that such an important salt deposit as Bevara has
remained unknown until now. The reason is that it is not on the caravan
route and that it is east of the horseman's road two hours from the
Şeriyye-i Salih waterway (Gwinnet estimated this distance as 12 hours).
The value of the salt deposit stems from the abundance of salt in it. The
amount of salt is estimated to be between 50 and 60 tons. Bevara salt
deposit is also called Lacus Beberatsi, after the famous man who visited
there in ancient times (Butiniger, world map) (2).
On the Kiepert map, Hatuniye salt deposit is shown to the west of Sinjar
Mountain (3). This is a supposition, not based on documentation.
Butiniger's map of this area is very confused - for example, it shows
Ressaina,today's Rasül Ayin village on the Habur River north of Edessa.
Edessa is today's Urfa and Charrae is today's Harran.
(1) Blanchenhorn-Berg in der "Carte géologigue de l'Europe, Blatt 41
(FVI).
(2) Miller: die Weltkarte des Castorius, Ravensberg 1887.
(3) Pauly - Wissowa: Reallexikon, 1 aufl. I. 2319.
sand dunes would reach the Bevara salt deposit, which is bounded on
its north by steep black rocks. There are wells there, also. The
mountain called Cebelülrruda was discovered by Sachau and the rocks
have been identified as basalt by Blanchenhorn and Berg (1).
In 1905 an Assyrian artifact called a "sitil" (pail or bucket) made
from basalt was found at the Seb'a salt deposit. The stone for the sitil
was brought from Cebelülrruda.
It is surprising that such an important salt deposit as Bevara has
remained unknown until now. The reason is that it is not on the caravan
route and that it is east of the horseman's road two hours from the
Şeriyye-i Salih waterway (Gwinnet estimated this distance as 12 hours).
The value of the salt deposit stems from the abundance of salt in it. The
amount of salt is estimated to be between 50 and 60 tons. Bevara salt
deposit is also called Lacus Beberatsi, after the famous man who visited
there in ancient times (Butiniger, world map) (2).
On the Kiepert map, Hatuniye salt deposit is shown to the west of Sinjar
Mountain (3). This is a supposition, not based on documentation.
Butiniger's map of this area is very confused - for example, it shows
Ressaina,today's Rasül Ayin village on the Habur River north of Edessa.
Edessa is today's Urfa and Charrae is today's Harran.
(1) Blanchenhorn-Berg in der "Carte géologigue de l'Europe, Blatt 41
(FVI).
(2) Miller: die Weltkarte des Castorius, Ravensberg 1887.
(3) Pauly - Wissowa: Reallexikon, 1 aufl. I. 2319.
//END of PART II//
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