19 Haziran 2019 Çarşamba

Urbanization 9,000 Years Ago & Lessons (Un)learned


türkçe links to original Turkish article about Çatalhöyük

türkçe links to a story about world population reaching
9.7 billion by 2050 and 11 billion by 2100 (!!!)

(Hürriyet Newspaper, 19 June 2019)
(Sözcü Newspaper, 19 June 2019)

//Ed. Note: The Hürriyet article summarizes the following
paper from the Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, so TNT is providing the original English 
introductions as summaries.  The most daunting portion
is in bold below. 

First, though, the population explosion report and a 
recent TNT item about one man's effort to flood the
earth with his progeny.//

the populator click here for the one-man population 
explosion.

dünya nüfusu 11 milyar olacak ile ilgili görsel sonucu
                                               Sigh...

According to  a report prepared by the UN on world population, there
will be 9.7 billion people living in 2050.  By the end of the century
this number will be 11 billion.  The main reason for the increase is
that humans are living longer lives.

  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

çatalhöyük apartmanda oturmak ile ilgili görsel sonucu
                        'The projects', 9,000 years ago.

Bioarchaeology of Neolithic Çatalhöyük reveals 
fundamental transitions in health, mobility and 
lifestyle in early farmers.

Clark Spencer LarsenChristopher J. Knüsel,
Scott D. HaddowMarin A. PilloudMarco Milella
Joshua W. SadvariJessica PearsonChristopher B. Ruff,
Evan M. GarofaloEmmy BocaegeBarbara J. Betz
Irene Dori, and Bonnie Glencross

Significance
Bioarchaeological investigation of human remains from Neolithic 
Çatalhöyük, Turkey, contributes to a growing body of data 
documenting population dynamics, health, and lifestyle of early 
farmers in Holocene settings in the Near East and globally. The 
extensive archaeological context of foodways, material culture, 
housing, environment, ecology, population structure and size, 
social interaction, and community living informs interpretation of 
the bioarchaeological record representing nearly 1,200 continuous 
years of community life. This record presents biological outcomes 
and comprehensive understanding of the challenges associated 
with dependence on domesticated plants and animals, the labor 
involved in acquiring food and other resources, impacts of settled 
community life on health and well-being, and evolving lifeways to 
the present day.
çatalhöyük haritası ile ilgili görsel sonucu
Abstract
The transition from a human diet based exclusively on wild plants and 
animals to one involving dependence on domesticated plants and 
animals beginning 10,000 to 11,000 y ago in Southwest Asia set into 
motion a series of profound health, lifestyle, social, and economic 
changes affecting human populations throughout most of the world. 
However, the social, cultural, behavioral, and other factors surrounding 
health and lifestyle associated with the foraging-to-farming transition 
are vague, owing to an incomplete or poorly understood contextual 
archaeological record of living conditions. Bioarchaeological 
investigation of the extraordinary record of human remains and their 
context from Neolithic Çatalhöyük (7100–5950 cal BCE), a massive 
archaeological site in south-central Anatolia (Turkey), provides 
important perspectives on population dynamics, health outcomes, 
behavioral adaptations, interpersonal conflict, and a record of 
community resilience over the life of this single early farming settlement 
having the attributes of a protocity. Study of Çatalhöyük 
human biology reveals increasing costs to members 
of the settlement, including elevated exposure to 
disease and labor demands in response to 
community dependence on and production of 
domesticated plant carbohydrates, growing population 
size and density fueled by elevated fertility, and 
increasing stresses due to heightened workload 
and greater mobility required for caprine herding 
and other resource acquisition activities over the 
nearly 12 centuries of settlement occupation. 
These changes in life conditions foreshadow 
developments that would take place worldwide 
over the millennia following the abandonment of 
Neolithic Çatalhöyük, including health challenges, 
adaptive patterns, physical activity, and emerging 
social behaviors involving interpersonal violence.

                        Modern-day Çatalhöyük
crowded cities ile ilgili görsel sonucu

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